What is Separation Anxiety?

Separation anxiety occurs when a dog becomes extremely stressed and anxious when separated from their owner or left alone. This can manifest in various ways, including excessive barking, destructive behaviour, pacing, drooling, or even attempts to escape. Understanding the signs and underlying causes is the first step in addressing this issue.

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Understanding the Causes

Several factors can contribute to a dog developing separation anxiety:

• Change in Routine: A sudden change in your schedule, such as a new job or moving to a new home, can trigger anxiety.
• Lack of Socialisation: Dogs that haven't been exposed to being alone from a young age may struggle with separation.
• Traumatic Experiences: A negative experience when left alone, such as a loud noise or accident, can lead to anxiety.
• Genetic Factors: Some breeds are more prone to anxiety, and individual temperament also plays a role.

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Signs of Separation Anxiety

Recognizing the signs of separation anxiety is crucial for addressing the issue early. Common signs include:

• Excessive Barking, “Crying” or Howling: Dogs with separation anxiety often vocalise persistently when left alone.
• Destructive Behaviour: Chewing furniture, digging, or scratching at doors and windows are common behaviours.
• House Soiling: Even well-trained dogs may have accidents indoors when anxious.
• Pacing and Restlessness: Some dogs will pace back and forth or exhibit other restless behaviours.
• Escape Attempts: In severe cases, dogs may try to escape, risking injury.

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Tips for Managing Separation Anxiety

Managing separation anxiety takes time and consistency. Here are some strategies to help your dog feel more secure:
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Gradual Desensitisation
Start by leaving your dog alone for short periods and gradually increase the duration. Begin with just a few minutes, then extend the time as your dog becomes more comfortable. Practise this multiple times a day, ensuring your dog remains calm throughout the process.
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Create a Safe Space
Designate a comfortable area in your home where your dog feels secure. This could be a crate or a specific room with their bed, toys, and water. Make this space inviting by adding a blanket with your scent, calming music, or a white noise machine.
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Provide Mental Stimulation
Keep your dog occupied with puzzle toys, treat-dispensing toys, or long-lasting chews to distract them from your absence. Ensure they get plenty of physical exercise and mental stimulation before you leave, which can help reduce anxiety.
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Establish a Calming Routine
Develop a consistent routine for when you leave and return home. Avoid making a big fuss when you leave or come back; this helps prevent your dog from associating these moments with high emotions. Practise calm departures by quietly picking up your keys, putting on your shoes, and leaving without interacting with your dog excessively.
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Use Calming Aids
Consider using calming aids such as pheromone diffusers, calming collars, or natural supplements like CBD oil (consult your vet before use). In some cases, your vet may recommend anti-anxiety medication if the anxiety is severe.
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Positive Reinforcement
Reward your dog for calm behaviour when you return. Use treats, praise, or playtime as positive reinforcement. Gradually build up the time your dog spends alone, rewarding them for remaining calm during these periods.
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Professional Help
If your dog’s anxiety is severe, consider consulting a professional dog trainer or a behaviourist who specialises in separation anxiety. A professional can provide tailored strategies and support to help your dog overcome their anxiety.

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Consistency is Key

Overcoming separation anxiety in dogs is a process that requires time, patience, and consistency. It’s important to remain calm and patient as you work through this with your dog. Every dog is different, so what works for one may not work for another. Keep trying different strategies until you find what helps your dog feel more comfortable. Remember, you're not alone in this journey—many dog owners have successfully managed separation anxiety, and so can you. With patience and dedication, your dog can learn to feel at ease, even when you're not around.